Taphonomic Analysis of Bone Remains Associated with Puma (Puma concolor) Predation in the Dry Chaco (Córdoba, Argentina)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.46.070Keywords:
zooarchaeology, predation, carnivores, scavengers, Puma concolorAbstract
This study contributes to the understanding of carnivore taphonomy in the Dry Chaco (Córdoba, Argentina) through the analysis of skeletal remains of a sheep (Ovis orientalis aries) preyed upon by a puma (Puma concolor), together with a taxonomic and taphonomic evaluation of digested remains recovered from feces found near the carcass. The potential involvement of other scavenging agents in the modification of undigested remains is also considered, from a perspective consistent with the averaged nature of the archaeological record. The results show marked differences between both assemblages: undigested remains correspond exclusively to sheep, whereas digested remains exhibit greater taxonomic richness, including mammals of different sizes and birds. Among the latter, the predominance of exotic species highlights the dietary flexibility of pumas in anthropized environments. From a taphonomic standpoint, undigested remains are characterized by an abundance of axial elements and anterior appendicular bones, with a high frequency of tooth marks but generally low levels of damage. These patterns suggest the intervention of other agents—such as foxes, dogs, or wild boars—that likely modified the remains after the puma abandoned the prey. In contrast, digested remains display gastric corrosion, surface polishing, and intense fragmentation, the latter conditioned by both prey size and predator. These results strengthen comparative frameworks for archaeological contexts in the Dry Chaco, where large carnivores have been rarely considered as agents in the formation of faunal assemblages.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Julián Mignino, María Paula Weihmüller, Indira López-Castagna, Carla Chirino, Celina Travaglino, Ana Lucía González Oliva, Thiago Costa
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