Heavy Metal Removal from Livestock Effluents Using Immobilized Microalgae

Authors

  • Evelin Carlier Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación-UNER.
  • Sofía Bruno Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación-UNER.
  • Gina F Vezzosi Zoto Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación-UNER. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos de Entre Ríos (ICTAER).
  • Natalia A. Sacks Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación-UNER. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos de Entre Ríos (ICTAER).
  • Melina A. Urbani Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación-UNER. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos de Entre Ríos (ICTAER).
  • Cecilia Cabrera Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación-UNER
  • Luz M. Zapata Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación-UNER. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos de Entre Ríos (ICTAER).

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution in agro-industrial effluents is a major environmental threat. This study assessed the removal efficiency of heavy metals (Zn, Cd, Cr, Pb, Mn, Cu, Ni, and As) using microalgae immobilized in calcium alginate. Three species, Chlorellla vulgaris, Chlorella sorokiniana, and Tetradesmus obliquus, were applied to a simulated livestock effluent enriched with critical metal concentrations. The treatments were tested at 30, 50, and 80 min. The results showed over 90% removal of lead and copper, with C. vulgaris and C. sorokiniana being the most effective. Contact time significantly influenced the removal rates, particulary at 80 min. Immobilization improved biosorbent handling and system stability. The final concentrations of Pb and As were below the legal discharge limits in Entre Ríos province, confirming the feasibility of this technique for effluent treatment. These findings support the use of immobilized microalgae in phycoremediation as a promising, efficient, and sustainable solution for treating industrial wastewater containing multiple heavy metals.

Published

30-07-2025