Agrochemical characterization of Vitis labrusca grape pomace and its effect on a soil-plant system

Autores/as

  • María Inés Troncozo Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Botánica Carlos Spegazzini. 122 y s/n. 1900 La Plata. Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9553-3093
  • Hugo Merani Victor Centro de Investigación de Suelos para la Sustentabilidad Agropecuaria y Forestal (CISSAF) Facultad de Cs. Agrarias y Forestales UNLP, 119 y 60 , 1900 La Plata,Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0681-7535
  • Alejandra Bárcena Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE)- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-CCT-La Plata-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Diag. 113 y 61, CC 327, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1849-3988
  • María Gabriela Cano Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE)- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-CCT-La Plata-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Diag. 113 y 61, CC 327, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
  • María Florencia Vianna Instituto de Botánica Carlos Spegazzini, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 122 y s/n, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de La Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA) 526 e/10 y 11, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8293-8371

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.122

Palabras clave:

residuo agronómico, revalorización, macronutrientes, Azospirillum brasilense, tomate, lechuga

Resumen

This study characterized the agrochemical properties of V. labrusca grape pomace (GP) and evaluated the effect on the rhizobacteria Azospirillum brasiliense and horticultural
crops, determining safety as fertilizer and/or mulching. Two first bioassays were performed with the GP at different concentrations evaluating toxicity on A. brasiliense, and on tomato and lettuce seeds. A third bioassay evaluated GP mulching effects on tomato and lettuce plants growing with amounts varying between 20 and 80 t ha-1. Agrochemical characterization showed that GP is rich in potassium and phosphorus, with a low content of Na+ salts (SAR < 15). The GP at 2.5% (w v-1) significantly increased survival rates of N2-fixing rhizobacteria. Results on seed germination revealed lettuce was more susceptible to increasing GP concentrations. The application of 20 t ha-1 of GP in greenhouse experiments increased lettuce and tomato root biomass. Furthermore, the aerial part of tomato showed no toxicity symptoms. These results open the possibility of considering V. labrusca GP as mulching without prior treatment in tomato crops.

Highlights:

  • Physico-chemical properties of labrusca GP were determined for the first time.
  • labrusca GP is rich in K and P.
  • labrusca GP at low doses promotes A. brasiliensis growth.
  • labrusca GP at the lowest doses favored root growth in tomato plants.
  • GP could be considered as mulching.

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Publicado

27-06-2024

Número

Sección

Recursos naturales y ambiente